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147 lines
22 KiB
HTML
147 lines
22 KiB
HTML
<!DOCTYPE html><html><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><meta name="description" content="Basic concepts of elements modifications and creations."><title>`deka-dom-el` — Elements</title><!--<dde:mark type="component" name="metaAuthor" host="this" ssr/>--><meta name="author" content="Jan Andrle"><link type="text/plain" rel="author" href="https://jaandrle.github.io/humans.txt"><meta name="generator" content="deka-dom-el"><!--<dde:mark type="component" name="metaTwitter" host="this" ssr/>--><meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"><meta name="twitter:url" content="https://github.com/jaandrle/deka-dom-el"><meta name="twitter:title" content="deka-dom-el"><meta name="twitter:description" content="A low-code library that simplifies the creation of native DOM elements/components using small wrappers and tweaks."><meta name="twitter:creator" content="@jaandrle"><!--<dde:mark type="component" name="metaFacebook" host="this" ssr/>--><meta name="og:url" content="https://github.com/jaandrle/deka-dom-el"><meta name="og:title" content="deka-dom-el"><meta name="og:description" content="A low-code library that simplifies the creation of native DOM elements/components using small wrappers and tweaks."><meta name="og:creator" content="@jaandrle"><script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/shiki" defer=""></script><script type="module" src="code.js.js"></script><script src="https://flems.io/flems.html" type="text/javascript" charset="utf-8"></script><link rel="stylesheet" href="global.css"></head><body><!--<dde:mark type="component" name="page" host="this" ssr/>--><!--<dde:mark type="component" name="simplePage" host="this" ssr/>--><!--<dde:mark type="component" name="header" host="this" ssr/>--><header><h1>`deka-dom-el` — Elements</h1><p>Basic concepts of elements modifications and creations.</p></header><nav><a href="https://github.com/jaandrle/deka-dom-el"><svg class="icon" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><!--<dde:mark type="component" name="iconGitHub" host="parentElement" ssr/>--><path d="M 16,0.395c -8.836,0 -16,7.163 -16,16c 0,7.069 4.585,13.067 10.942,15.182c 0.8,0.148 1.094,-0.347 1.094,-0.77c 0,-0.381 -0.015,-1.642 -0.022,-2.979c -4.452,0.968 -5.391,-1.888 -5.391,-1.888c -0.728,-1.849 -1.776,-2.341 -1.776,-2.341c -1.452,-0.993 0.11,-0.973 0.11,-0.973c 1.606,0.113 2.452,1.649 2.452,1.649c 1.427,2.446 3.743,1.739 4.656,1.33c 0.143,-1.034 0.558,-1.74 1.016,-2.14c -3.554,-0.404 -7.29,-1.777 -7.29,-7.907c 0,-1.747 0.625,-3.174 1.649,-4.295c -0.166,-0.403 -0.714,-2.03 0.155,-4.234c 0,0 1.344,-0.43 4.401,1.64c 1.276,-0.355 2.645,-0.532 4.005,-0.539c 1.359,0.006 2.729,0.184 4.008,0.539c 3.054,-2.07 4.395,-1.64 4.395,-1.64c 0.871,2.204 0.323,3.831 0.157,4.234c 1.026,1.12 1.647,2.548 1.647,4.295c 0,6.145 -3.743,7.498 -7.306,7.895c 0.574,0.497 1.085,1.47 1.085,2.963c 0,2.141 -0.019,3.864 -0.019,4.391c 0,0.426 0.288,0.925 1.099,0.768c 6.354,-2.118 10.933,-8.113 10.933,-15.18c 0,-8.837 -7.164,-16 -16,-16Z"></path></svg>GitHub</a><a href="./" title="Introducing a library.">1. Introduction</a><a href="p02-elements" title="Basic concepts of elements modifications and creations." class="current">2. Elements</a><a href="p03-events" title="Using not only events in UI declaratively.">3. Events and Addons</a><a href="p04-observables" title="Handling reactivity in UI via observables.">4. Observables and reactivity</a><a href="p05-scopes" title="Organizing UI into components">5. Scopes and components</a></nav><main><h2>Native JavaScript DOM elements creations</h2><p>Let’s go through all patterns we would like to use and what needs to be improved for better experience.</p><div class="code" data-js="todo"><!--<dde:mark type="component" name="code" host="parentElement" ssr/>--><code class="language-js">// use NPM or for example https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/jaandrle/deka-dom-el/dist/esm.js
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import {
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assign,
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el, createElement,
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elNS, createElementNS
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} from "deka-dom-el";
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el===createElement
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elNS===createElementNS
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// “internal” utils
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import {
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assignAttribute,
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classListDeclarative,
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chainableAppend
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} from "deka-dom-el";
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</code></div><h3 id="h-creating-elements-with-custom-attributes"><!--<dde:mark type="component" name="h3" host="parentElement" ssr/>--><a href="#h-creating-elements-with-custom-attributes" tabindex="-1">#</a> Creating element(s) (with custom attributes)</h3><p>You can create a native DOM element by using the <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Document/createElement" title="MDN documentation for document.createElement()"><code>document.createElement()</code></a>. It is also possible to provide a some attribute(s) declaratively using <code>Object.assign()</code>. More precisely, this way you can sets some <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Glossary/IDL" title="MDN page about Interface Description Language"><abbr title="Interface Description Language">IDL</abbr></a> also known as a JavaScript property.</p><!--<dde:mark type="component" name="example" host="this" ssr/>--><div id="code-example-1-nkz9lcdhykg" class="example"><!--<dde:mark type="component" name="code" host="parentElement" ssr/>--><code class="language-js">document.body.append(
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document.createElement("div")
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);
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console.log(
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"Emty div is generated inside <body>:",
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document.body.innerHTML.includes("<div></div>")
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);
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document.body.append(
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Object.assign(
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document.createElement("p"),
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{ textContent: "Element’s text content.", style: "color: coral;" }
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)
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);
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</code></div><script>Flems(document.getElementById("code-example-1-nkz9lcdhykg"), JSON.parse("{\"files\":[{\"name\":\".js\",\"content\":\"document.body.append(\\n\\tdocument.createElement(\\\"div\\\")\\n);\\nconsole.log(\\n\\t\\\"Emty div is generated inside <body>:\\\",\\n\\tdocument.body.innerHTML.includes(\\\"<div></div>\\\")\\n);\\n\\ndocument.body.append(\\n\\tObject.assign(\\n\\t\\tdocument.createElement(\\\"p\\\"),\\n\\t\\t{ textContent: \\\"Element’s text content.\\\", style: \\\"color: coral;\\\" }\\n\\t)\\n);\\n\"}],\"toolbar\":false}"));</script><p>To make this easier, you can use the <code>el</code> function. Internally in basic examples, it is wrapper around <code>assign(document.createElement(…), { … })</code>.</p><!--<dde:mark type="component" name="example" host="this" ssr/>--><div id="code-example-1-13lyjukvr0yk" class="example"><!--<dde:mark type="component" name="code" host="parentElement" ssr/>--><code class="language-js">import { el, assign } from "https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/jaandrle/deka-dom-el/dist/esm-with-observables.js";
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const color= "lightcoral";
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document.body.append(
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el("p", { textContent: "Hello (first time)", style: { color } })
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);
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document.body.append(
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assign(
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document.createElement("p"),
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{ textContent: "Hello (second time)", style: { color } }
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)
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);
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</code></div><script>Flems(document.getElementById("code-example-1-13lyjukvr0yk"), JSON.parse("{\"files\":[{\"name\":\".js\",\"content\":\"import { el, assign } from \\\"https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/jaandrle/deka-dom-el/dist/esm-with-observables.js\\\";\\nconst color= \\\"lightcoral\\\";\\ndocument.body.append(\\n\\tel(\\\"p\\\", { textContent: \\\"Hello (first time)\\\", style: { color } })\\n);\\ndocument.body.append(\\n\\tassign(\\n\\t\\tdocument.createElement(\\\"p\\\"),\\n\\t\\t{ textContent: \\\"Hello (second time)\\\", style: { color } }\\n\\t)\\n);\\n\"}],\"toolbar\":false}"));</script><p>The <code>assign</code> function provides improved behaviour of <code>Object.assign()</code>. You can declaratively sets any IDL and attribute of the given element. Function prefers IDL and fallback to the <code>element.setAttribute</code> if there is no writable property in the element prototype.</p><p>You can study all JavaScript elements interfaces to the corresponding HTML elements. All HTML elements inherits from <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/HTMLElement">HTMLElement</a>. To see all available IDLs for example for paragraphs, see <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/HTMLParagraphElement">HTMLParagraphElement</a>. Moreover, the <code>assign</code> provides a way to sets declaratively some convenient properties:</p><ul><li>It is possible to sets <code>data-*</code>/<code>aria-*</code> attributes using object notation.</li><li>In opposite, it is also possible to sets <code>data-*</code>/<code>aria-*</code> attribute using camelCase notation.</li><li>You can use string or object as a value for <code>style</code> property.</li><li><code>className</code> (IDL – preffered)/<code>class</code> are ways to add CSS class to the element. You can use string (similarly to <code>class="…"</code> syntax in HTML) or array of strings. This is handy to concat conditional classes.</li><li>Use <code>classList</code> to toggle specific classes. This will be handy later when the reactivity via observables is beeing introduced.</li><li>The <code>assign</code> also accepts the <code>undefined</code> as a value for any property to remove it from the element declaratively. Also for some IDL the corresponding attribute is removed as it can be confusing. <em>For example, natievly the element’s <code>id</code> is removed by setting the IDL to an empty string.</em></li><li>You can use <code>=</code> or <code>.</code> to force processing given key as attribute/property of the element.</li></ul><p>For processing, the <code>assign</code> internally uses <code>assignAttribute</code> and <code>classListDeclarative</code>.</p><!--<dde:mark type="component" name="example" host="this" ssr/>--><div id="code-example-1-iro9ncxa4bc" class="example"><!--<dde:mark type="component" name="code" host="parentElement" ssr/>--><code class="language-js">import { assign, assignAttribute, classListDeclarative } from "https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/jaandrle/deka-dom-el/dist/esm-with-observables.js";
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const paragraph= document.createElement("p");
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assignAttribute(paragraph, "textContent", "Hello, world!");
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assignAttribute(paragraph, "style", "color: red; font-weight: bold;");
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assignAttribute(paragraph, "style", { color: "navy" });
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assignAttribute(paragraph, "dataTest1", "v1");
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assignAttribute(paragraph, "dataset", { test2: "v2" });
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assign(paragraph, { //textContent and style see above
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ariaLabel: "v1", //data* see above
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ariaset: { role: "none" }, // dataset see above
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"=onclick": "console.log(event)",
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onmouseout: console.info,
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".something": "something",
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classList: {} //see below
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});
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classListDeclarative(paragraph, {
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classAdd: true,
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classRemove: false,
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classAdd1: 1,
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classRemove1: 0,
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classToggle: -1
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});
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console.log(paragraph.outerHTML);
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console.log("paragraph.something=", paragraph.something);
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document.body.append(
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paragraph
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);
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</code></div><script>Flems(document.getElementById("code-example-1-iro9ncxa4bc"), JSON.parse("{\"files\":[{\"name\":\".js\",\"content\":\"import { assign, assignAttribute, classListDeclarative } from \\\"https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/jaandrle/deka-dom-el/dist/esm-with-observables.js\\\";\\nconst paragraph= document.createElement(\\\"p\\\");\\n\\nassignAttribute(paragraph, \\\"textContent\\\", \\\"Hello, world!\\\");\\n\\nassignAttribute(paragraph, \\\"style\\\", \\\"color: red; font-weight: bold;\\\");\\nassignAttribute(paragraph, \\\"style\\\", { color: \\\"navy\\\" });\\n\\nassignAttribute(paragraph, \\\"dataTest1\\\", \\\"v1\\\");\\nassignAttribute(paragraph, \\\"dataset\\\", { test2: \\\"v2\\\" });\\n\\nassign(paragraph, { //textContent and style see above\\n\\tariaLabel: \\\"v1\\\", //data* see above\\n\\tariaset: { role: \\\"none\\\" }, // dataset see above\\n\\t\\\"=onclick\\\": \\\"console.log(event)\\\",\\n\\tonmouseout: console.info,\\n\\t\\\".something\\\": \\\"something\\\",\\n\\tclassList: {} //see below\\n});\\n\\nclassListDeclarative(paragraph, {\\n\\tclassAdd: true,\\n\\tclassRemove: false,\\n\\tclassAdd1: 1,\\n\\tclassRemove1: 0,\\n\\tclassToggle: -1\\n});\\n\\nconsole.log(paragraph.outerHTML);\\nconsole.log(\\\"paragraph.something=\\\", paragraph.something);\\ndocument.body.append(\\n\\tparagraph\\n);\\n\"}],\"toolbar\":false}"));</script><h3 id="h-native-javascript-templating"><!--<dde:mark type="component" name="h3" host="parentElement" ssr/>--><a href="#h-native-javascript-templating" tabindex="-1">#</a> Native JavaScript templating</h3><p>By default, the native JS has no good way to define HTML template using DOM API:</p><!--<dde:mark type="component" name="example" host="this" ssr/>--><div id="code-example-1-b6a1hbrxh7s" class="example"><!--<dde:mark type="component" name="code" host="parentElement" ssr/>--><code class="language-js">document.body.append(
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document.createElement("div"),
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document.createElement("span"),
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document.createElement("main")
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);
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console.log(document.body.innerHTML.includes("<div></div><span></span><main></main>"));
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const template= document.createElement("main").append(
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document.createElement("div"),
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document.createElement("span"),
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);
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console.log(typeof template==="undefined");
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</code></div><script>Flems(document.getElementById("code-example-1-b6a1hbrxh7s"), JSON.parse("{\"files\":[{\"name\":\".js\",\"content\":\"document.body.append(\\n\\tdocument.createElement(\\\"div\\\"),\\n\\tdocument.createElement(\\\"span\\\"),\\n\\tdocument.createElement(\\\"main\\\")\\n);\\nconsole.log(document.body.innerHTML.includes(\\\"<div></div><span></span><main></main>\\\"));\\nconst template= document.createElement(\\\"main\\\").append(\\n\\tdocument.createElement(\\\"div\\\"),\\n\\tdocument.createElement(\\\"span\\\"),\\n);\\nconsole.log(typeof template===\\\"undefined\\\");\\n\"}],\"toolbar\":false}"));</script><p>This library therefore overwrites the <code>append</code> method of created elements to always return parent element.</p><!--<dde:mark type="component" name="example" host="this" ssr/>--><div id="code-example-2-iro9ncxa4bc" class="example"><!--<dde:mark type="component" name="code" host="parentElement" ssr/>--><code class="language-js">import { el } from "https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/jaandrle/deka-dom-el/dist/esm-with-observables.js";
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document.head.append(
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el("style").append(
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"tr, td{ border: 1px solid red; padding: 1em; }",
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"table{ border-collapse: collapse; }"
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)
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);
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document.body.append(
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el("p", "Example of a complex template. Using for example nesting lists:"),
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el("ul").append(
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el("li", "List item 1"),
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el("li").append(
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el("ul").append(
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el("li", "Nested list item 1"),
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)
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)
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),
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el("table").append(
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el("tr").append(
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el("td", "Row 1 – Col 1"),
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el("td", "Row 1 – Col 2")
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)
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)
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);
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import { chainableAppend } from "https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/jaandrle/deka-dom-el/dist/esm-with-observables.js";
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/** @param {keyof HTMLElementTagNameMap} tag */
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const createElement= tag=> chainableAppend(document.createElement(tag));
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document.body.append(
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createElement("p").append(
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createElement("em").append(
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"You can also use `chainableAppend`!"
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)
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)
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);
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</code></div><script>Flems(document.getElementById("code-example-2-iro9ncxa4bc"), JSON.parse("{\"files\":[{\"name\":\".js\",\"content\":\"import { el } from \\\"https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/jaandrle/deka-dom-el/dist/esm-with-observables.js\\\";\\ndocument.head.append(\\n\\tel(\\\"style\\\").append(\\n\\t\\t\\\"tr, td{ border: 1px solid red; padding: 1em; }\\\",\\n\\t\\t\\\"table{ border-collapse: collapse; }\\\"\\n\\t)\\n);\\ndocument.body.append(\\n\\tel(\\\"p\\\", \\\"Example of a complex template. Using for example nesting lists:\\\"),\\n\\tel(\\\"ul\\\").append(\\n\\t\\tel(\\\"li\\\", \\\"List item 1\\\"),\\n\\t\\tel(\\\"li\\\").append(\\n\\t\\t\\tel(\\\"ul\\\").append(\\n\\t\\t\\t\\tel(\\\"li\\\", \\\"Nested list item 1\\\"),\\n\\t\\t\\t)\\n\\t\\t)\\n\\t),\\n\\tel(\\\"table\\\").append(\\n\\t\\tel(\\\"tr\\\").append(\\n\\t\\t\\tel(\\\"td\\\", \\\"Row 1 – Col 1\\\"),\\n\\t\\t\\tel(\\\"td\\\", \\\"Row 1 – Col 2\\\")\\n\\t\\t)\\n\\t)\\n);\\n\\nimport { chainableAppend } from \\\"https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/jaandrle/deka-dom-el/dist/esm-with-observables.js\\\";\\n/** @param {keyof HTMLElementTagNameMap} tag */\\nconst createElement= tag=> chainableAppend(document.createElement(tag));\\ndocument.body.append(\\n\\tcreateElement(\\\"p\\\").append(\\n\\t\\tcreateElement(\\\"em\\\").append(\\n\\t\\t\\t\\\"You can also use `chainableAppend`!\\\"\\n\\t\\t)\\n\\t)\\n);\\n\"}],\"toolbar\":false}"));</script><h3 id="h-basic-state-less-components"><!--<dde:mark type="component" name="h3" host="parentElement" ssr/>--><a href="#h-basic-state-less-components" tabindex="-1">#</a> Basic (state-less) components</h3><p>You can use functions for encapsulation (repeating) logic. The <code>el</code> accepts function as first argument. In that case, the function should return dom elements and the second argument for <code>el</code> is argument for given element.</p><!--<dde:mark type="component" name="example" host="this" ssr/>--><div id="code-example-1-320zz4y072o" class="example"><!--<dde:mark type="component" name="code" host="parentElement" ssr/>--><code class="language-js">import { el } from "https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/jaandrle/deka-dom-el/dist/esm-with-observables.js";
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document.head.append(
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el("style").append(
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".class1{ font-weight: bold; }",
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".class2{ color: purple; }"
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)
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);
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document.body.append(
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el(component, { className: "class2", textContent: "Hello World!" }),
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component({ className: "class2", textContent: "Hello World!" })
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);
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function component({ className, textContent }){
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return el("div", { className: [ "class1", className ] }).append(
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el("p", textContent)
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);
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}
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</code></div><script>Flems(document.getElementById("code-example-1-320zz4y072o"), JSON.parse("{\"files\":[{\"name\":\".js\",\"content\":\"import { el } from \\\"https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/jaandrle/deka-dom-el/dist/esm-with-observables.js\\\";\\ndocument.head.append(\\n\\tel(\\\"style\\\").append(\\n\\t\\t\\\".class1{ font-weight: bold; }\\\",\\n\\t\\t\\\".class2{ color: purple; }\\\"\\n\\t)\\n);\\ndocument.body.append(\\n\\tel(component, { className: \\\"class2\\\", textContent: \\\"Hello World!\\\" }),\\n\\tcomponent({ className: \\\"class2\\\", textContent: \\\"Hello World!\\\" })\\n);\\n\\nfunction component({ className, textContent }){\\n\\treturn el(\\\"div\\\", { className: [ \\\"class1\\\", className ] }).append(\\n\\t\\tel(\\\"p\\\", textContent)\\n\\t);\\n}\\n\"}],\"toolbar\":false}"));</script><p>As you can see, in case of state-less/basic components there is no difference between calling component function directly or using <code>el</code> function.</p><p class="notice">It is nice to use similar naming convention as native DOM API. This allows us to use <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators/Destructuring_assignment" title="Destructuring assignment | MDN">the destructuring assignment syntax</a> and keep track of the native API (things are best remembered through regular use).</p><h3 id="h-creating-non-html-elements"><!--<dde:mark type="component" name="h3" host="parentElement" ssr/>--><a href="#h-creating-non-html-elements" tabindex="-1">#</a> Creating non-HTML elements</h3><p>Similarly to the native DOM API (<a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Document/createElementNS" title="MDN"><code>document.createElementNS</code></a>) for non-HTML elements we need to tell JavaScript which kind of the element to create. We can use the <code>elNS</code> function:</p><!--<dde:mark type="component" name="example" host="this" ssr/>--><div id="code-example-1-bcjydb50gdc" class="example"><!--<dde:mark type="component" name="code" host="parentElement" ssr/>--><code class="language-js">import { elNS, assign } from "https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/jaandrle/deka-dom-el/dist/esm-with-observables.js";
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const elSVG= elNS("http://www.w3.org/2000/svg");
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const elMath= elNS("http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML");
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document.body.append(
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elSVG("svg"), // see https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/SVG and https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/SVGElement
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elMath("math") // see https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/MathML and https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/MathML/Global_attributes
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);
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console.log(
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document.body.innerHTML.includes("<svg></svg><math></math>")
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)
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</code></div><script>Flems(document.getElementById("code-example-1-bcjydb50gdc"), JSON.parse("{\"files\":[{\"name\":\".js\",\"content\":\"import { elNS, assign } from \\\"https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/jaandrle/deka-dom-el/dist/esm-with-observables.js\\\";\\nconst elSVG= elNS(\\\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\\\");\\nconst elMath= elNS(\\\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\\\");\\ndocument.body.append(\\n\\telSVG(\\\"svg\\\"), // see https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/SVG and https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/SVGElement\\n\\telMath(\\\"math\\\") // see https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/MathML and https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/MathML/Global_attributes\\n);\\n\\nconsole.log(\\n\\tdocument.body.innerHTML.includes(\\\"<svg></svg><math></math>\\\")\\n)\\n\"}],\"toolbar\":false}"));</script><div class="notice"><!--<dde:mark type="component" name="mnemonic" host="parentElement" ssr/>--><h3 id="h-mnemonic"><!--<dde:mark type="component" name="h3" host="parentElement" ssr/>--><a href="#h-mnemonic" tabindex="-1">#</a> Mnemonic</h3><ul><li><code>assign(<element>, ...<idl-objects>): <element></code> — assign properties to the element</li><li><code>el(<tag-name>, <primitive>)[.append(...)]: <element-from-tag-name></code> — simple element containing only text</li><li><code>el(<tag-name>, <idl-object>)[.append(...)]: <element-from-tag-name></code> — element with more properties</li><li><code>el(<function>, <function-argument(s)>)[.append(...)]: <element-returned-by-function></code> — using component represented by function</li><li><code>el(<...>, <...>, ...<addons>)</code> — see following page</li><li><code>elNS(<namespace>)(<as-el-see-above>)[.append(...)]: <element-based-on-arguments></code> — typically SVG elements</li></ul></div><div class="prevNext"><!--<dde:mark type="component" name="prevNext" host="parentElement" ssr/>--><a rel="prev" href="./" title="Introducing a library."><!--<dde:mark type="component" name="pageLink" host="parentElement" ssr/>-->Introduction (previous)</a><a rel="next" href="p03-events" title="Using not only events in UI declaratively."><!--<dde:mark type="component" name="pageLink" host="parentElement" ssr/>-->(next) Events and Addons</a></div></main></body></html> |